By Umar Nsubuga
Yacon, a root vegetable native to the Andes, has been steadily gaining popularity due to its health benefits and adaptability to different climates.
Despite its potential, few farmers have discovered this crop, but those who have, say it’s not only easy to grow but also highly profitable.
What it takes to grow yacon
Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is a perennial plant that thrives in both tropical and temperate climates, making it an ideal candidate for many regions in Uganda.
Goretti Bagaya, a famous commercial farmer in Kitumba central division Kabarole district says growing yacon doesn’t require advanced agricultural knowledge or high investment, which is why it can appeal to small-scale farmers.
She says yacon is propagated from rhizomes or root crowns. These should be planted in well-drained soil with sufficient organic matter, as the plant thrives in fertile soil.
It grows best in full sun but can tolerate partial shade, making it adaptable to different landscapes.
Bagaya says it’s important to ensure proper spacing at least 80 cm apart since the plant’s tubers can grow quite large, and the foliage can spread out.
“Yacon doesn’t need excessive water, but regular irrigation, especially during dry spells, will ensure good yields,” she says.
With minimal pest problems and disease resistance, she says the plant requires less maintenance than crops like potatoes or cassava.
After about six to seven months, the plant’s leaves will start to wither, this is a sign that the tubers are ready for harvest.
Why few farmers have discovered yacon
Despite its many advantages, Bagaya says only a few farmers in Uganda have tapped into growing yacon.
One reason is a lack of awareness. Yacon is relatively new in the global agricultural scene, and its potential as both a food crop and a health product is still being explored.
She says there is also a challenge of limited local market. Though yacon is celebrated for its health benefits.
“Farmers are cautious about investing time and resources in a crop that isn’t yet widely known or demanded in local markets,” she explains.
The crop has the potential to be sold in health-conscious niche markets or even processed into products like syrup, which can fetch higher prices. As global trends move toward healthier food choices, there’s hope that yacon will become a valuable commodity.
Health benefits
Twaha Kakooza an herbalist says yacon is an excellent choice for people with diabetes or those looking to manage their blood sugar levels. Its tubers are rich in fructooligosaccharides (FOS), a type of sugar that the body does not metabolise, keeping blood sugar levels stable.
Yacon is high in FOS, which also acts as a prebiotic, promoting gut health by feeding beneficial bacteria in the digestive system. This makes it attractive to health-conscious consumers.
The high fiber content helps with digestion and can contribute to weight management by providing a feeling of fullness.
Easy to grow
Yacon is relatively low-maintenance and can be grown with basic agricultural knowledge. Bagaya explains Its hardiness and ability to grow in various soils make it an attractive option for small-scale and subsistence farmers.
“For farmers, particularly those looking to diversify and tap into health-conscious markets. As more people become aware of its benefits, yacon farming could significantly boost incomes while promoting healthier eating habits,” she explains.
