By Umar Nsubuga
Growing rice in dry soils presents unique challenges, but with the right techniques and strategies, it can be successful.
Richard Senono, a rice farmer from Kabuwomero in Luwero district, has successfully grown rice in dry conditions by following several key practices.
Selecting the right variety
Senono emphasises the importance of choosing drought-resistant rice varieties.
“I opted for varieties specifically bred to tolerate lower water availability and perform better in dry conditions,” he says.
Soil testing and preparation
Senono highlights the importance of soil testing. He hired an agronomist to determine nutrient levels and soil PH.
Gideon Zakke, an agronomist, advises that proper soil preparation is crucial.
“Prepare the land by levelling it to ensure uniform water distribution and to minimize erosion,” Zakke explains.
Water management
“Effective water management is vital for growing rice in dry areas,” Zakke recommends.
He explains that Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD), allow fields to dry out periodically between waterings. This helps conserve water while providing enough moisture for the rice.
He advises farmers to harvest rainwater and store it for irrigation during dry periods.
Irrigation Techniques
Use drip irrigation to provide water directly to the plant’s roots, which is efficient in water-scarce areas.
He adds furrow irrigation is another method where water is applied in furrows between rows, which can be more efficient than flood irrigation.
Zakke suggests using organic or plastic mulch to reduce evaporation hence keeping the soil moist.
Fertilisation
“Apply fertilisers based on soil tests to ensure plants receive essential nutrients. Proper fertilisation supports healthy growth and enhances drought tolerance,” he explains.
Planting techniques
Direct seeding: Plant seeds directly into dry soil, Zakke says this is more efficient than transplanting.
Spacing: Space plants appropriately to reduce competition for water and nutrients.
Harvesting and post-harvest handling
“Harvest rice when the grains are mature to avoid losses from shattering or spoilage. Ensure proper drying of harvested rice to prevent mould and deterioration,” he says.
