Soil health is the foundation of successful farming, yet many farmers struggle with imbalanced soils that affect crop yields.
One of the simplest and most effective ways to restore soil fertility is by making your own organic manure through composting.
This process not only enriches the soil but also helps reduce dependence on expensive chemical fertilisers.
Nicholas Kavuma, a vegetable farmer in Wakiso, swears by homemade compost.
“I used to spend a lot on fertilisers, but ever since I started making my own manure, my crops are healthier, and my soil retains moisture better,” he says.
Composting is the controlled decomposition of organic materials such as kitchen waste, yard clippings, and manure under aerobic conditions.
According to agronomist Henry Sekyewa, properly made compost improves soil structure, increases microbial activity, and balances nutrients.
“Good compost boosts soil health, retains moisture, and eliminates harmful pathogens that cause plant diseases,” he explains.
How to make your own compost
To create effective compost, follow these simple steps,
Prepare the site
Identify a 2-square-meter area for composting.
You can dig a trench of the same size or simply demarcate the space on level ground.
Layering the materials
Start with a 4-inch layer of soil as a base.
Spread a layer of kitchen waste and expose it to the sun to accelerate decomposition.
Add a layer of dry leaves to introduce carbon into the compost.
Follow with a layer of lawn clippings or fresh plant matter for nitrogen content.
Cover with another thin layer of soil to introduce soil organisms that help in decomposition.
Moistening and enhancing decomposition
Sprinkle water or diluted urine mixed with ash and hot pepper onto the pile.
This mixture speeds up decomposition and kills harmful pests.
Maintaining the compost
Turn the pile weekly to aerate it, ensuring even breakdown of materials.
Keep the compost slightly moist but not soggy.
Construct a simple shade over the compost to prevent nutrient loss due to excessive rain.
Sekyewa advises farmers to be patient, as compost takes 4–6 weeks to mature.
“A well-made compost pile should have a dark, crumbly texture with an earthy smell. This indicates it’s ready for use,” he says.
