By Umar Nsubuga
Growing spearmint can be a profitable venture, particularly given its high demand in culinary, medicinal, and cosmetic markets.
Dr Twaha Kakooza, a spearmint grower, notes that the plant thrives best in temperate climates. It does well in both sunny and partially shaded areas, although excessive direct sunlight can harm the plant.
He emphasises the importance of maintaining consistent moisture in the soil without allowing it to become waterlogged, ensuring that it remains moist while avoiding standing water.
When it comes to propagation, spearmint can be grown from seeds, cuttings, or root division. Dr Kakooza advises that for commercial purposes, using cuttings or root division is typically quicker and promotes uniformity among the plants.
Agronomist Henry Sekyewa recommends spacing spearmint plants 12–18 inches apart to allow for their aggressive spreading. To manage this growth, consider using containers or designated beds.
Regular trimming is essential for encouraging bushy growth and preventing flowering, which can reduce the essential oil content of the plant, according to Dr Kakooza.
Sekyewa adds that spearmint is relatively pest-resistant, but growers should keep an eye on aphids, spider mites, and rust fungus.
“Using organic pesticides or companion planting (such as marigolds) can help deter these pests. Additionally, applying organic compost or balanced fertiliser every few months will help keep the plants healthy,” he says.
Harvesting
Spearmint can be harvested once it reaches 4-6 inches in height, typically 2-3 months after planting. Sekyewa says for the best flavour, it is recommended to harvest before the plant flowers.
He adds that cut the stems about 1 inch above the ground, leaving a few inches of growth to encourage regrowth. Multiple harvests are possible throughout the growing season.
After harvesting, Dr Kakooza suggests air-drying the spearmint leaves in a shaded, well-ventilated area or using a dehydrator.
He says dried spearmint can be stored in airtight containers for use in teas, spices, and oils. Fresh spearmint can be sold directly to markets, restaurants, or grocery stores, but it is essential to keep it cool and hydrated until delivery.
Earning from spearmint
There are various avenues to earn from spearmint.
Fresh Sales: Sell spearmint leaves fresh at local markets, grocery stores, or directly to restaurants and herbal shops.
Dried Leaves: Dried spearmint is in demand for teas, spices, and herbal remedies.
Essential oil production: Spearmint oil is utilized in cosmetics, aromatherapy, and food products. Investing in a steam distillation machine allows you to extract and sell spearmint essential oil.
Value-added products: Create spearmint-based products such as tea bags, herbal soaps, or spearmint-infused lotions to sell in local or online markets.
“By effectively managing your spearmint cultivation and exploring various market opportunities, you can build a successful business around this versatile herb,” says Dr Kakooza.
